استخدام مخلفات الذرة فی تنقیة میاه الاحواض السمکیة

نوع المستند : Original Article

المؤلفون

1 مدرس الهندسة الزراعیة - کلیة الزراعة جامعة دمیاط، مصر.

2 باحث بمعهد بحوث الهندسة الزراعیة- مرکز البحوث الزراعیة، مصر.

المستخلص

یتم استخدام نظام إعادة تنقیة المیاه علی نطاق واسع بالزراعات المائیة وذلک لإزالة المخلفات الصلبة العالقة التی تسبب ضرر مباشر و آخر غیر مباشرة للأسماک. مما استدعی دراسة استخدام بعض المخلفات الزراعیة المنخفضة نوعا ما فی   القیمة الغذائیة کحطب الذرة والمتوفر بکثرة فی الریف المصری والتی یؤدی تراکمه بالحقل إلی کوارث ومشاکل بیئیة کثیرة کانتشار الحرائق والآفات والأمراض فی تنقیة المیاه من المواد الصلبة العالقة . لذا فإن هدف الأساسی من البحث هو عمل فلتر من مفروم سیقان الذرة ودراسة کفاءته فی التخلص من المواد الصلبة العالقة التی تسبب ضرر مباشر للأسماک عن طریق سحج أنسجة الخیاشیم أو الإضرار بطریقة غیر مباشرة عن طریق تعکیر الماء. تمت الدراسة علی مجموعة من الأسماک المرباه فی أحواض زجاجیة داخل معمل کلیة الزراعة جامعة دمیاط- مصر. وتضمنت الدراسة 3 ترکیزات للمواد الصلبة الذائبة هی 450, 900, 1350مللیجرام لکل لتر وثلاث  أقطار لحبیبات المخلفات  وهی 35,3,  53,9, 7,12  بالإضافة إلی ترتیب الحبیبات تصاعدیا (من الأصغر قطرا إلی الأکبر قطرا) من أسفل إلی اعلی ودراسة أربع مستویات من سماکة المخلفات هی 9, 21,,33 , 45 سم. تم التقییم بتحدید کفاءة الفلتره ومعدل السریان حیث کانت أقصی کفاءة للفلتره عند معدل450مللیجرام لکل لتر من ترکیز المواد الصلبة الذائبة وعند ترتیب الأحجام تصاعدیا من أسفل لأعلی وعند سمک 45 سم لطبقة الفلتره وکان أعلی معدل سریان عند 450 مللیجرام لکل لتر من ترکیز المواد الصلبة الذائبة وعند قطر حبیبات 7,12 مم  وسمک 9 سم لطبقة الفلتره. واتضح من النتائج انه یمکن استخدام الفلتر بکفاءة فی مزارع الأسماک وذلک لتخلص من المواد الصلبة الذائبة والتی تسبب ضرر مباشر للأسماک عن طریق سحج أنسجة الخیاشیم أو الإضرار بطریقة غیر مباشرة عن طریق تعکیر الماء والذی یؤدی أیضا إلی اختناق الأسماک.   

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