PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF EGYPTIAN ARTICHOKE HEADS “KHARSHOOF

Nassif, Soliman; Elsoury, Hussien; El-Werch, Azhar

doi:10.21608/mjae.2014.99997

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF EGYPTIAN ARTICHOKE HEADS “KHARSHOOF"

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Prof. of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria Univ., Egypt.

² Researcher at Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2014.99997

Abstract

Artichoke physical properties studies are very important as design parameters for each of handling, sorting and packing applications. Some physical characteristics and mechanical properties of the local artichoke cultivar (Balady) were investigated directly after harvesting at a moisture content of about 86.17% (wet basis). The physical characteristic include equatorial diameters, height, single bud volume, surface area and weight, spheresty, particle density, bulk density and porosity. The mechanical properties include the parameters of stress-strain radial compression test as bio-modulus of elasticity, bio-yield force, yield stress and strain, and bio-rupture stress and strain. The results showed that the artichoke buds which were under study had diameter range from 46.455 to 112.64 mm, height between 61.83 to 128.26 mm, volume from 76.00 (10 -6 m3) to 897.75 (10 -6 m3), surface area between 92.285 (10 -4 m2) to 384.307 (10 -4 m2), weight between 44 to 463.92 (g), particle density between 441 to 696 kg /m3, and bulk density between 167.00 to 196.26 with an average equal to 179.84 kg/m3, spheresty between 0.738 to 0.995 and porosity between 59.28% to 74.19%.
The mechanical properties of artichoke bud were determined under radial compression test in terms of initial bio modulus of elasticity, secondary bio modulus of elasticity, bio yield stress, bio yield strain, bio yield energy, bio rupture stress, bio rupture strain; and bio rupture energy. The mean value of initial bio modulus of elasticity (7.121 MPa), secondary bio modulus of elasticity (8.350 MPa), bio yield stress (0.351 MPa), bio yield strain (0.051), bio yield energy (0.298 N.m), bio rupture stress (2.352 MPa), bio rupture strain (0.485) ; and bio rupture energy (12.525 N.m).

The stress-strain parameters at 10% strain as a nondestructive test were determined for each artichoke head. The stress and deformation energy ranged from 0.175 to 0.526 MPa and from 0.060 to 0.302 N.m. respectively, with the corresponding displacement range from 1.819 to 4.646 mm for the artichoke head under study.

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