تأثیر إضافة CoCl2، NiCl2 و FeCl3 علی إنتاج الغاز الحیوی والمیثان

نوع المستند : Original Article

المؤلفون

1 مدرس مساعد – المعهد القومی لعلوم اللیزر – جامعة القاهرة، مصر.

2 استاذ الهندسة الزراعیة المساعد - کلیة الزراعة - جامعة القاهرة، مصر.

3 أستاذ الهندسة الزراعیة المساعد - کلیة الزراعة - جامعة قناة السویس، مصر.

4 استاذ - المعهد القومی لعلوم اللیزر – جامعة القاهرة، مصر.

المستخلص

یعد التخمر اللاهوائی عملیة بیولوجیة تستخدم لتحویل المخلفات العضویة إلى غاز حیوی وأسمدة حیویة متوازنة للإستخدامات الزراعیة کمنتجات صدیقة للبیئة. وفی هذا السیاق، یعتبر الغاز الحیوی الناتج أحد مصادر الطاقة المتجددة.
ویهدف هذا البحث إلی دراسة تأثیر إضافة أملاح کلورید الکوبلت ((CoCl2، کلورید النیکل NiCl2)) و کلورید الحدیدیک FeCl3) ) على إنتاج الغاز الحیوی و المیثان من روث الماشیة . أجریت التجارب المعملیة بالوحدة التجریبیة للغاز الحیوی بالمعهد القومی لعلوم اللیزر - جامعة القاهرة باستخدام مجموعة من الهاضمات الحیویة (مخمرات) بحجم کلی للمخمر الواحد 2 لتر بنظام تشغیل الدفعة الواحدة. حیث تم تغذیة کل مخمر بحجم ثابت 1600 مللتر من روث الماشیة بنسبة مادة جافة کلیة (TS) 7,16% مع إضافة الأملاح سابقة الذکر 1, 1 و 10 ملیجرام/لتر, علی الترتیب. وقد أجریت هذه التجارب باستخدام ثلاثة مکررات و ذلک بغرض التحلیل الإحصائی بإستخدام برنامج (MStat-C software v.2.1).
وقد توصلت النتائج إلی:
1- حققت إضافة 1 ملیجرام/لتر من NiCl2 أعلی إنتاج للغاز الحیوی و المیثان حیث کانت 507,9 و 279,3 مل لکل جرام مادة صلبة متطایرة, علی الترتیب بعد مرور 50 یوم من زمن الأستبقاء (HRT) مقارنة مع باقی الإضافات.
2- کانت إنتاجیة الغاز الحیوی فی المخمرات المعاملة بالأملاح تتبع الترتیب التالی         CoCl2 < NiCl2  FeCl3 < مقارنة مع الکنترول. کما زاد حجم الغاز الحیوی بمقدار 1,44, 1,33 و 1,17 مرة على الترتیب عند مستوی معنویة (0.05p<) مقارنة بحجم الغاز الحیوی المنتج بواسطة الکنترول.
3- زاد حجم المیثان المنتج فی المخمرات المعاملة بالأملاح FeCl3 , CoCl2 , NiCl2  بمقدار 1,55، 1,43 و 1,21, مرة على الترتیب عند مستوی معنویة (0.05p<) مقارنة بحجم المیثان المنتج بواسطة الکنترول. 

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