EFFECTIVENESS OF SOME METHODS USED TO REDUCE WATER TEMPERATURE FROM RESIDENTIAL WATER TANKS UNDER HOT AND HUMID CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

Almuhanna, Emad A.

doi:10.21608/mjae.2016.98010

EFFECTIVENESS OF SOME METHODS USED TO REDUCE WATER TEMPERATURE FROM RESIDENTIAL WATER TANKS UNDER HOT AND HUMID CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Emad A. Almuhanna

Associated Prof., Department of Agricultural Systems Engineering, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia.

10.21608/mjae.2016.98010

Abstract

During summer months, hot water coming from residential water tanks represent a serious problem for residential and agricultural buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) where water temperature may exceeds 50ºC. Based on that, numerous methods and practices were utilized to reduce the outlet water temperature of incoming from the tanks, the effectiveness of these methods is varying from one to another, so that the decision to choose the appropriate method mainly depends upon the information available from manufacturers. In addition, scientific publication about this problem is relatively scarce. Therefore, in this study, a field and laboratory tests were conducted to determine the effect available various practices (e.g. insulation materials, color, orientation, shading, and cooling techniques) on the thermal performance of the water tanks reaching to the best practice to be adapted to thermally protect water inside the tanks from the harsh external environment (intensity of solar radiation, ambient air temperature, and air relative humidity).
Keywords: Water tank, Polycon, Fiberglass, Thermal Conductivity.

References

ASTM C177-04 (2004) "Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus"

Elhadj, E. (2004) "Household water and sanitation services in Saudi Arabia: an analysis of economic" political and ecological issues Paper 56. Water Research Group, School of Oriental & African Studies and King's College London, University of London, http://www.soas.ac.uk/water/publications/papers/file38399.pdf

Fadiel A.; F. Al Rifaie; T. Abu-Lebdeh; and E. Fini (2014) "Use of crumb rubber to improve thermal efficiency of cement-based materials" American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 7 (1): 1-11.

Han Y. M.; R. Z. Wang; and Y. J. Dai (2009) "Thermal stratification within the water tank" Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13 ( 5): 1014–1026.

Holman, J. P. (2010) "Heat Transfer" Tenth edition, McGraw-Hill International Book Company

Khalifa, A. N., A. T. Mustafa and F. A. Khammas (2011) "Experimental study of temperature stratification in a thermal storage tank in the static mode for different aspect ratios" ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 6(2):53-60.

MOMRA (2014) http://www.momra.gov.sa/GeneralServ/Specs/spec0024-1.asp

Polycon GulfLtd, (2014) http://polycongulf.com/Uploads/Home/22 Polycon%20Product%20Brochure2.pdf

Tripanagnostopoulos Y.; and M. Souliotis (2004) "ICS solar systems with horizontal (E–W) and vertical (N–S) cylindrical water storage tank" Renewable Energy 29

Wikipedia (2014) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_tank .