استخدام میاه الصرف الزراعی لإنتاج الخس فی نظام الزراعة المائیة

نوع المستند : Original Article

المؤلف

مدرس بقسم الهندسة الزراعیة - کلیة الزراعة - جامعة الزقازیق، مصر.

المستخلص

یهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة تأثیر الری بمیاه الصرف الزراعی على إنتاجیة الخس وجودته وکفاءة استخدام المیاه فی نظام الزراعة المائیة. تم استخدام 5 معاملات خلط من میاه الصرف الزراعی مع میاه الرى العادیة: م1 ( 100٪ میاه صرف زراعی) وم2 (75٪ ماء صرف زراعی +25٪ میاه ری عادیة) وم3 (50٪ ماء صرف زراعی +50٪ میاه ری عادیة) وم4 (25٪ ماء صرف زراعی +75٪ میاه ری عادیة)  وم5 (100٪ میاه ری عادیة). تم تطویر نظام الغشاء الرقیق المغذى فی الزراعة المائیة ویحتوى على 5 أنابیب بى فى سى وأضیف المحلول المغذى بترکیزات: 12.5٪ ,25٪ ,50٪ ,75٪ , 100٪  من المحلول المغذى القیاسی وذلک للمعاملات م1 ,م2 ,م3 , م4 و م5 على الترتیب لاستخدامه فى هذه الدراسة. تم حصاد الخس بعد 50 یوم من الزراعة بنظام الغشاء الرقیق المغذى. واوضحت النتائج ان الرى بالمعاملة الثالثة م3 ادى الى زیادة المحصول الأخضر والمادة الجافة. وکان اعلى انتاج للخس مع م3<م5< م2 <م4< م1 على الترتیب. والنباتات المرویة بالمعاملة الثالثة م3 استخدمت المیاة اکثر کفاءة من نباتات المعاملات الاخرى واعلى قیمة لکفاءة استخدام المیاه کانت 39.96 کجم /م3 مع م3 واقل قیمة کانت 16.67 کجم /م3 مع م1. ومن الجانب الاخر فان قیم العناصر المغذیة فى المادة الجافة للخس (نیتروجین, فسفور, بوتاسیوم, کالسیوم ) وجدت بترکیز عالى فى النباتات المرویة ب م5 عنها فى النباتات المرویة بمعدلات المیاه الاخرى. والعناصر الثقیلة (کادمیوم, رصاص, نیکل, کرومیوم) کانت اعلى فى م3 عنها للنباتات المرویة بانواع المیاه الاخرى ولکن لم تتعدى الحدود المسموح بها طبقا لمنظمة الاغذیة والزراعة للمحاصیل التى تؤکل.

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