انتاج قوالب من خليط للمخلفات الزراعية وتقييم خواصها الفيزيائية والميكانيكية وخواص الحرق

نوع المستند : Original Article

المؤلفون

1 استاذ مساعد الهندسة الزراعية والنظم الحيوية – كلية الزراعة – جامعة المنوفية- شبين الكوم – مصر.

2 مدرس الهندسة الزراعية والنظم الحيوية – كلية الزراعة – جامعة المنوفية- شبين الكوم – مصر.

المستخلص

في الوقت الراهن ، أصبحت قضية تغير المناخ الناتج عن التلوث البيئى نتيجة سوء استخدام المخلفات الزراعية امر يشغل معظم دول العالم ، لذلك كان الهدف من الدراسة تعظيم الاستفادة من المخلفات الزراعية من خلال انتاج وقود حيوى صديق للبيئة ذو قيمة حرارية عالية ، وتنقسم الدراسة إلى مرحلتين: أولاً ، تصنيع القوالب من خليط من المخلفات الزراعية المفرومة بنسب متفاوتة والتى تشمل كلاً من قش الأرز وتفل قصب السكر وقشور الموز وقشور جوز الهند وروث الماشية لإنتاج قوالب صديقة للبيئة. ثانيًا ، تقدير الخواص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية للقوالب وخصائص الحرق ، وهى الكثافة وقوة الضغط والقيمة الحرارية والتحليل النهائي لتحديد أفضل جودة للقوالب. تم إجراء التجارب لانتاج 9 عينات من القوالب التى تم تحضيرها بخلط المخلفات المفرومة بنسب مختلفة مع 10% من النشا كمادة رابطة ثم كبسها بمكبس ميكانيكى (Screw press). أوضحت النتائج أن أفضل جودة للقوالب كانت من خلط 90% من تفل قصب السكر مع 10% من النشا ، حيث كانت قوة ضغط لها 24.07 ميجا باسكال ، وكانت القيمة الحرارية 18.71 ميجا جول / كجم ، ونسبة الكربون الثابت كانت 21.2٪ ، وكان معدل الاحتراق 6.36 جرام / دقيقة ، ونسبة المادة المتطايرة كانت 72.3% ، وكانت المتانة 99.8٪ وكانت الكثافة 1538.8  كجم/م3. تعتبر القوالب التي تم انتاجها مصدر طاقة بديل وصديق للبيئة نظرًا لأنها تحتوي على قيم عالية من القيمة الحرارية ونسبة قليلة من الانبعاثات.

الكلمات الرئيسية

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