استجابة البصل لمستویات مختلفة من الری والتسمید (ب): الکتلة الحیویة, الانتاجیة التسویقیة, الجودة وکفاءة الاستخدام المائی

نوع المستند : Original Article

المؤلف

مدرس بقسم الهندسة الزراعیة – کلیة الزراعة – جامعة القاهرة - مصر.

المستخلص

یهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة تأثیر مستویات میاه (100, 85, 75 و 65 % من الاحتیاجات المائیة للبصل) ومعدلات تسمید مختلفة (100, 75, 50 و 0 % NPK) على انتاجیة وجودة محصول البصل. وقد توصلت الدراسة على ما یلی:

کانت أقصى انتاجیة تسویقیة لمحصول البصل (25.41, 24.13, 23.72, 19.68 طن/هکتار) للمعاملات I100F100, I100F75, I100F50, I100F0  على الترتیب فی الموسم 2011 وکانت (24.81, 23.49, 20.68, 22.52 طن/هکتار) للمعاملات I100F100, I100F75, I100F50, I85F100على الترتیب فی الموسم 2012.
کانت أقصى انتاج جاف لمحصول البصل (2.175, 1.77, 1.548, 1.611 طن/هکتار) للمعاملات I100F100, I100F75, I100F50,I75F100  على الترتیب فی الموسم 2011 وکانت (1.749, 1.674, 1.64, 1.692 طن/هکتار) لنفس المعاملات على الترتیب فی الموسم 2012.
بنقص مستوى المیاه المضاف من 100 % من قیمة الاحتیاجات المائیة للمحصول الى 85 % فان قیمة WUEy نقصت بنسبة غیر معنویة 7.93 % فی 2011 وزادت بنسبة غیر معنویة 6.44 % فی 2012, بینما قیمة WUEm نقصت بنسبة غیر معنویة 16.41 % فی 2011 وزادت بنسبة غیر معنویة 6.14 % فی 2012.
بنقص معدل التسمید NPK من 100% الى 75% فان قیمة WUEy نقصت بنسبة غیر معنویة 2.85 % فی 2011 وبنسبة غیر معنویة 2 % فی 2012, بینما قیمة WUEmنقصت بنسبة غیر معنویة 5.1 % فی 2011 وبنسبة غیر معنویة 5.45 % فی 2012.
نسب TSS, N, P و K فی البصلة زادت معنویا مع نقص مستوى المیاه المضاف وزیادة معدل التسمید NPK فی الموسمین ولکن انتاجیة TSS, N, P و K بالنسبة الى الهکتار زادت بزیادة کل من مستوى المیاه المضاف ومعدل التسمید NPK.

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