EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS ON SOYBEAN PRODUCTION UNDER CLAYEY SOIL CONDITIONS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Asst. Prof. Agric. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agric, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.

2 Researcher, Agric. Eng. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.

Abstract

Water is considered one of the most critical input resources for sustainable development at crop production. Selecting suitable irrigation system is very important to get high crop production and overcome water shortage.A field experiment was carried out at Rice Mechanization Center (RMC), Meet El-Deepa, and Kafer El–Sheikh Governorate during summer season 2014/2015 for soybean. The main aim of this research is to study the effect of different drip irrigation treatments on the productivity of soybean crop and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under clayey soil conditions. The field treatments were designed as a split plots experimental design. The main plots were operating pressure head levels of 6(P1), 5(P2), 4(P3), and 3 meter (P4).Sub-main plots were included continuous drip irrigation (C), two levels of pulse drip irrigation in 15 min on/15 min off (S1) and 20 min on/20min off (S2) with three replication. Furrow irrigation (Tf) was used as control treatment soybean productivity, irrigation water use efficiency IWUE, uniformity parameters, and some plant characteristics were conducted to evaluate the performance of irrigation system and operating pressures. The important results indicated that:

Pulsed drip irrigation achieved a good water distribution in clayey soil.   
Soybean productivity was increased by the percentage of 24.9, 23.7, 19.3, 14.0, 1.2% comparing with (Tf) for P1S1, P1S2, P1C, P2S1, P2S2, respectively. Wherever, it was decreased by the percentage of 2.8, 3.6, 21.1, 26.5, 37.5, 47.7 % comparing with Tf for P2C, P3S1, P3S2, P3C, P4S1, P4S2, P4C, respectively.
The results showed that the highest values of IWUE and distribution uniformity were 0.54 kg/m3 at P1S1 treatment and 96.61% at 6m pressure operating head (P1).


Application of pulsed drip irrigation was more effective to improve the front wetting zone of clay soil.
In conclusion, pulse drip irrigation treatment of (15 min open/15 min close) and operating pressure head of 6m gave the best results.

References

Ali, H. (2010). Fundamentals of irrigation and on-farm water management (Vol.1). Springer Science & Business Media. Page, 525.
 Allen, R. G.; L. S. Pereira; D. Raes and M. Smith (1998). Crop evapotranspiration-Guidelines for computing crop water requirements-FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56. FAO, Rome, 300(9), D05109
Amer, H. A; A. Elsharkawi and A.S. Hassan (2010). Revising Wetted Soil Volume under Trickle Source for Irrigation Scheduling. Misr J. Agric.Eng., 27(4):1162-1183.
Arora,V.K.; C.B.Singh; A.S. Sidhu and S.S. Thind (2011) Irrigation, tillage and mulching effects on soybean wield and water productivity in relation to soil texture. Agricultural Water Management 98 (2011) 563-568.
ASAE. (2001). Test procedure for determining the uniformity of water distribution of center pivot and lateral move irrigation machines equipped with spray or sprinkler nozzles. ANSI/ASAE Standard S436.1, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI.
Burt, C.; A. Clemmens; T. Strelkoff; K. Solomon; R. Bliesner; L. Hardy; T. Howell and D. Eisenhauer (1997). Irrigation Performance Measures: Efficiency and Uniformity. J. Irrig. Drain Eng., 123:(6) 423-442.
Eid, A. R.; B. A. Bakry and M. H. Taha (2013). Effect of pulse drip irrigation and mulching systems on yield, quality traits and irrigation water use efficiency of soybean under sandy soil conditions. Agricultural Sciences. 4(5): 249-261.
Elmaloglou, S. T. and N. Malamos (2006). A methodology for determining the surface and vertical components of the wetting front under a surface point source, with root water uptake and evaporation. Irrigation and drainage, 55(1), 99-111
Elmaloglou, S., and E. Diamantopoulos (2007). Wetting front advance patterns and water losses by deep percolation under the root zone as influenced by pulsed drip irrigation. Agricultural water management, 90(1), 160-163
Irmak, S.; L. Odhiambo; W. Kranz and D. Eisenhauer (2011). Irrigation efficiency and uniformity, and crop water use efficiency‏. University of Nebraska, Lincoln. 
James, L. G. (1988). Principles of farm irrigation systems design. John Wiley and Sons Limited. Page, 277.
Kang, Y. (2000). Effect of operating pressures on microirrigation uniformity. Irrigation Science, 20(1): 23-27.
Karimi, M. and A. Gomrokchi (2011). Yield and water use efficiency of corn planted in one or two rows and applying furrow or drip tape irrigation systems in Ghazvin Province, Iran. Irrigation and Drainage, 60(1): 35-41
Karmeli, D. and G. Peri, (1974). Basic principles of pulse irrigation. Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, 100(3): 309-319.
Karmeli, D. and J. Keller. (1975). Trickle irrigation design. Rain Bird sprinkler manufacturing crop. Glendora, California.
Liu, J.; Q. S. Wei;  A.  Li; C. Wang; W. T. He, and Y. S. Shi (2011). Experimental study on micro-pressure hydraulic characteristics of drip irrigation emitters with multiple types of channels. In Advanced Materials Research (Vol. 255, pp. 3553-3557).
Malek, K., and R. T. Peters (2010). Wetting pattern models for drip irrigation: new empirical model. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 137(8):530-536.
 Martin, F. ; S. Olalla; J.A. Valero and C. Fabeiro Cortés (1994). Growth and yield analysis of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) under different irrigation schedules in Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. European Journal of Agronomy. 3(3):187-196.
Mostaghimi, S. and J. K. Mitchell (1983). Pulsed trickling effects on soil moisture distribution. American water resources association. 19(4):605-612.
Pitts, D. J. (1997). Evaluation of micro irrigation systems. South West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida.
Pitts, D. J.; Y. J. Tsai; T. A. Obreza and D. L. Myhre (1991). Flooding and drip irrigation frequency effects on tomatoes in South Florida." Transactions of the ASAE (USA).
Saied, M.M.; M.M. Ragab, S.M. El-Barbary and M.I. El-Shawy (2008) Effect of pressurized irrigation system on soybean and flax yields and some water relations in old lands. Miser J. of Agric. Eng., 25 (1): 87-101.
Schwartzman, M., and B. Zur, (1986). “Emitter spacing and geometry of wetted soil volume.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 112, 242–253.
Shamsi, K. and S. Kobraee (2009). Effect of plant density on the growth, yield   and yield components of three soybean varieties under climatic condition of Kermanshah, Iran. J. of Animal and plant Sci. 2 (2): 96 – 99.
Singh, D. K.; T. B. S. Rajput; H. S. Sikarwar; R. N. Sahoo and T. Ahmad (2006). Simulation of soil wetting pattern with subsurface drip irrigation from line source. Agricultural water management, 83(1), 130-134.

 Singh, R. ; K. Singh  and  D. M bhandarkar(2014).   Estimation of water requirement for soybean (Glycine max) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) under vertisols of Madhya Pradesh. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 84: (2).191-197.

Skaggs, T. H.; T. J., Trout and Y. Rothfuss (2010). Drip irrigation water distribution patterns: effects of emitter rate, pulsing, and antecedent water. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 74(6): 1886-1896.
Wang,D.; M.C.Shannon, C.M.Grieve and S.R. Yates (2000) Soil water and temperature regimes in drip and sprinkler irrigation, and implications to soybean emergence. Agricultural Water Management. 43(2000):15-28.
Zin El-Abedin, T. Z. (2006). Effect of pulse drip irrigation on soil moisture distribution and maize production in clay soil. The 14th. Annual Conference of the Misr Society of Ag. Eng., 22 Nov: 1058-1076.
Zur, B. (1996). Wetted soil volume as a design objective in trickle irrigation. Irrigation Science, 16(3), 101-105.
Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering
Volume 33, Issue 1
January 2016
Pages 43-62

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics