STUDYING THE EFFECT OF SOME PARAMETERS ON QUINOA CROP

Moursy, M. A. M.; Wasfy, K. I.; Rady, M. H.

doi:10.21608/mjae.2015.98084

STUDYING THE EFFECT OF SOME PARAMETERS ON QUINOA CROP

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Researcher, Water Management Res. Inst., National Water Res. Center., Egypt.

² Lecturer of Ag. Eng., Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Zagazig Univ., Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2015.98084

Abstract

Agricultural irrigated area depends on the availability of irrigation water. To cope with scarcity of water supplies, deficit irrigation is an important tool to achieve the goal of reducing irrigation water use. Field experiments were carried out to study the effect of forward speed of seed drill (2.1, 3.6, 4.5 and 6.3 km/h), deficit irrigation (zero, 15 and 30%) and fertilization methods (broadcasting and fertigation) on the amount of water applied, productivity, water and fertilizer use efficiency, net return and net return/m³ of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa W.) in sandy soils.
The main results of the study could be summarized as follow:-
- Increasing the forward speed, increased field capacity and therefore, seed scattering was increased, vice versa field efficiency values were decreased.
- Amount of water applied and water consumptive use were (1989 and 1611), (1750 and 1407) and (1527 and 1268) m³/fed for treatments zero, 15 and 30% deficit irrigation, respectively. The water saving was 12 and 23.2 % for treatments 15 and 30% deficit irrigation, respectively as compared with treatment zero deficit irrigation.
- Seed and straw productivity, water and fertilizer use efficiency, net return and net return/m³ were increased under using fertigation method and forward speed of 3.6 km/h.
- Net return/m³ under 15% deficit irrigation (2.55 LE/m³) was higher than under zero and 30% deficit irrigation (2.31 and 2.54 LE/m³) under fertigation method and 3.6 km/h forward speed.
- Fertilization by fertigation was more efficiency than broadcasting fertilizers.

References

Abdel-Aziz, A. A. and K. F. El-Bagoury (2008). Fertigation for improving pea productivity in new reclaimed lands. The 15^th Annual Conference of the Misr Society of Ag. pp. 459-476.

Abou El-Azem, A. M. (2009). Optimum water use for grain sorghum based on evaporation pan coefficients. Water science, (45): 19-42.

Ahmad, S. H., R. Ahmad, M. Y. Ashraf and E. A. Waraich (2009). Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) response to drought stress at germination and seedling growth stages. Pak. J. Bot. 41(2): 647-654.

APHA, American Public Health association (1989). Standard methods for examination water and wastewater Washington DC, 17^th ed.

Arnaout, M. I. (1999). Comparative study between fertigation and conventional methods of fertilizer application through different irrigation systems. Misr. J. Ag. Eng., 16 (2): 209-217.

El-Gindy, A. M. (1988). Modern chemigation techniques for vegetable crops under Egyptian conditions. Misr J. of Agric. Eng., 5(1): 99-111.

Embaby, A. T. (1985). A comparison of different mechanization system for cereal production. M.Sc. Thesis, Agric.Eng., Cairo Univ.

Erdem, T.; Y. Erdem, A. H. Orta and H. Okursoy (2006). Use of a crop water stress index for scheduling the irrigation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Turk. J. Agric. For. 30: 11-20.

FAO (2012). FAOStat data. http://faostat.fao.org.

Fghire R., O. I. Ali, O. Benlhabib and S. Wahbi (2015) Deficit irrigation and fertilization impact on quinoa water and yield productions. Conference: sustainable water use for securing food production in the Mediterranean region under changing climate, at Agadir, Morocco.

Israelsen, O. W. and V. E. Hansen (1962). Irrigation principles and practices. 3^th Edit. John Willey and Sons. Inc., New York.

Kepner, R. A.; R. Bainer and E. Barger (1978). Principles of farm machinery. Third Edition, AVI. Publishing company, INC. Westport, Connecticut, U.S.A.

Ogungbenle, H. N. (2003). Nutritional evaluation and functional properties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) flour. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 54, 153 -158.

Pene, C.B.G., and G.K. Edi (1996). Sugarcane yield response to deficit irrigation at two growth stages. In: Nuclear Techniques to Assess Irrigation Schedules for Field Crops. IAEA, TECDOC 888, pp. 115-129, Vienna.

Peterson, R. G. and L. D. Calvin (1965). Sampling JNCA Blac (ed) methods of soil analysis. S. Am. Soc. Agron. 9 Modison W1. Agron. 9: 54 – 71.

Shams, A.S. (2010). Combat degradation in rainfed areas by introducing new drought tolerant crops in Egypt. 4^th international Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environments, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 5- 8 December, 575-582.

Shams, A.S. (2012). Response of quinoa to nitrogen fertilizer rates under sandy soil conditions. Proc. 13^th international Conf. Agron., Fac.of Agic., Benha Univ., Egypt, 9-10 September , 95 – 205.

Snedecor, G. W. and W. G. Cochran (1967). Statistical Methods 6th. Ed., Ames: The Iowa State University U.S.A., Press, 593p.