SOME PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PALM DATE FRUITS

El-Bessoumy, R. R.

doi:10.21608/mjae.2016.98008

SOME PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PALM DATE FRUITS

Document Type : Original Article

Author

R. R. El-Bessoumy

Lecturer of Ag. Constructions and Environmental Control Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag. Eng., Al-azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2016.98008

Abstract

The present study aimed to determine and recognize some physical and mechanical properties as an important role in designing and developing of specific machines and their operations. Some physical and mechanical characteristics of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera L), Joezee variety, were determined. These characteristics included the date dimensions, surface area, mass, bulk density, real density, void ratio, moisture content, repose angle, static friction coefficient and rigidity force. For each dimension, the date fruits gave the highest value in width of 42.9 mm, the lowest value in length of 25.9 mm. the highest value of repose angle was 26.1º for galvanized sheet while the lowest value was 16.4º for glass. The date fruits gave the lowest value of static coefficient of friction of 0.12 for ply wood while the highest value was 0.17 for galvanized sheet.

References

Abou-Elmagd, A.E., Hamam, A. S., EL-Saadany, M. A. and El-Kawaga, S. A., 2002, Design of a cone-end detacher for orange picking, Misr. J. Ag. Eng. 19(2): 491-507.

Akubuo, C. O. and Odigboh, E. U., 1999, Egusi fruit coring machine. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 74: 121-126.

Al-Shahib, W., and Marshall, R.J., 2003, The fruit of the date palm: its possible use as the best food for the future?". International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 54 (4): 247–259.

AOAC., 1995, Official methods of analysis (16^th ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Wash., DC.

Awady, M. N., Yehia, I. Hassan, M. A. and El Lithy, A. M., 2004, Some physical and mechanical properties of Minneola fruits, Misr J. Ag. Eng., 21(2): 669-684.

Boumans G., 1985, Grain handling and storage. Elsevier Sc. Pub. B. V. Amsterdam, Belgium.

El Sayed, G. H., Harb, S., Yehia, I., and Arif, E. M., 2009, Developmentof an automatic juicer for minneola fruits, Misr J. Ag. Eng., 34(4): 4155-4167

FAO 2012, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. Statistical Database- Agriculture. Accessed July 2012. http://faostat.fao.org/site/339/default.aspx

Ismail, B., Haffar, I., Baalbaki, R., and Henry. J., 2001, Development of a total quality scoring system based on consumer preference weightings and sensory profiles: application to fruit dates (Tamr). Food Quality Preference, 12: 499–506.

Kaleemullah, S.,1992, The effect on moisture content on the physical properties of groundnut kernels. Tropical Sc., 32, 129-136.

Matthews, J., 1991, Progress in Agricultural physics and Engineering. (Hand Book). Chapter (8): 203-227.

Mohsenin, N. N., 1986, Physical properties of plant and animal materials, Gordon and Breach Sc. Pub., N. Y.

Myhara, R. M., Karkalas, J., and Taylor M. S., 1999, The composition of maturing Omani dates. Journal of the Science and Food Agriculture, 79, 1–6.

Nesvadba P., M. Houska, W. Wolf, V. Gekas, D. Jarvis, P.A. Saaad and Johns A. I, 2004, Database of physical properties of agro-Food materials, J. of Food Eng.61:497-503.

Sawaya, W. N., Khalil, J. K., Safi, W. N., and Al-Shalhat A., 1983, Physical and chemical characterization of three Saudi date cultivars at various stages of development. Canadian Inst. Food Sc. and Tec., 16, 87–91.

Sawaya, W. N., Khatchadourian, H. A., Khalil, J. K., Safi, W. M., and Al-Shalhat A., 1982, Growth and compositional changes during various developmental stages of some Saudi Arabian date cultivars. J. Food Sc., 47: 489–492.

Soliman N.S., 1994, Effect of moisture content on angle of repose of paddy rice and its products. Misr, J. Ag. Eng. 11(1):163-173.

Waziri, A. and Mittal J. P. 1993, Design related physical properties of selected agricultural products. Agricultural mechanization in ASIA, Africa and Latin America. 14 (1): 20-23.

Yehia, I., Kabeel, M. H., and Abdel Galeel, M. M., 2009, Physical and mechanical properties of Ponkan mandarin applied to grading machine, Misr J. Ag. Eng. 26(2): 1036-1053.