EFFECT OF WATER DEFICIT ON SNAP BEAN YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Lecturer of Agric. Eng., Agric. Eng. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Suez Canal Univ., Egypt.

2 Lecturer of Agric. Eng., Agric. Eng. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt.

Abstract

Field experiment was carried out at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, during the summer 2016 growing season in a sandy soil with snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under drip irrigation system. The main goal of the present work was to study effect of different emitters and water deficit (T1: 100 %, T2: 75 % and T3: 50 % of evapotranspiration (ETc)) on snap bean yield and water use efficiency (WUE). Two different emitters manufactured (in-line ‘Em1’ and on-line ‘Em2’) were evaluated with lateral length 50 m at different operating pressures of 50, 100, 150 and 200 kPa. The obtained results indicated that, the coefficient of uniformity (CU) increased with increasing operating pressure from 50 to 100 kPa and decreased with increasing operating pressure from 100 to 200 kPa. The first treatment produced high yield without significant differences of the second treatment, so, concerning the different irrigation regimes the 75 % ETc treatment gave a remarkable yield and pronounced water saving equal 25 % from applied water of T1 therefore it is technically and economically recommended and the best one for saving water. Water use efficiency was the highest in 50 % ETc, but 75 % ETc was the best one economically. Yield was the greatest when fresh and adequate irrigation was applied. Snap bean yield was significantly affected in a linear relationship (r2 ≥ 0.90) by deficit irrigation conditions.

Keywords


Ahmet, E.; S. Sensoy; C. Kucukyumuk and I. Gedik (2004). Irrigation frequency and quantity affect yield components of spring squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). Agric. Water Manage. 67, 63 - 76.
Allen, R. G.; L. S. Pereira; D. Raes and M. Smith (1998). Crop Evapotranspiration Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigation. and Drain. Paper 56. United Nations, Rome, Italy, pp. 30 - 42.
Allen, R. G.; L. S. Pereira; R. Dirk and M. Smith (2011). Crop Evapotranspiration Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56, 1998. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome, Italy, pp. 83.
Al-Omran, A. M.; A. S. Shetaa; A. M. Falataha and A. R. Al-Harbi (2005). Effect of drip irrigation on squash (Cucurbita pepo) yield and water-use efficiency in sandy calcareous soils amended with clay deposits. Agric. Water Manage., 73, 43 - 55.
Amer, K. H. (2005). Trickle irrigation evaluation and schedules. Egyptian J. Ag. Eng., 22 (3): 899 - 922.
Amer, K. H. (2010). Corn crop response under managing different irrigation and salinity levels. Agric. Water Manage., (97), 1553 -1663.
ASAE EP 458.0 (1999). Field evaluation of microirrigation systems. ASAE December 1999. ASAE. 792 - 797.
Baille A. (1997). Principles and methods for predicting crop water requirement in greenhouse environments. CIHEAM, Cahiers Options Mediterranéennes, 31: 177 - 187.
Bilalis, D.; A. Karkanis; A. Efthimiadou; Ar. Konstantas and V. Triantafyllidis (2009). Effects of irrigation system and green manure on yield and nicotine content of Virginia (flue-cured) Organic tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum), under Mediterranean conditions. Industrial Crops and Products, 29(2-3): 388 - 394.
Black, C. A. (1969). Methods of soil analysis. American Society of Agronomy. Inc., Publisher Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Christiansen, J. E. (1942). Irrigation by sprinkler. Bulletin 670. California Agricultural Experiment Station. University of California. Berkeley, USA, pp. 124.
Diaz-Perez, J. C.; D. Granberry; K. Seebold; D. Giddings and D. Bertrand (2004). Irrigation levels affect plant growth and fruit yield of drip-irrigated bell pepper. HortScience, 39 (4): 748 - 749.
Doorenbos, J. and A. H. Kassam. (1986). Yield response to water. Irrigation and drainage. Paper No 33. Rome, Italy: FAO.
Enciso, J.; J. Morales; B. Wiedenfeld; S. Nelson and X. Peries (2007). Irrigating onions with subsurface drip irrigation under different stress levels. December 9 - 11. 28th International Irrigation Conf. Irrigation Association, San Diego, pp. 338 - 352.
Ghonimy, M. I.; A. E. E. Suliman; W. M. Ibrahim and E. N. Abd El Rahman (2009). Design of snap bean pods harvesting prototype by stripping. In proceeding paper, 4th Conference on Recent Technologies in Agriculture. Cairo University, Egypt.
Howell, T. A.; J. A. Tolk; D. S. Arland and R. Evertt (1998). Evapotranspiration, yield and water use efficiency of corn hybrids differing in maturity. Agron. J., 90: 3 - 9.
Jacobs, H. S.; R. M. Reed; S. J. Thien and Withee (1971). Soils laboratory exercise source book. Am. Soc of Agron. Mandison, Wisconsin.
James, L. G. (1988). Principles of farm irrigation system design. New York: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 545.
Klute, A. (1986). Methods of soil analysis. Part 1. Physical and mineralogical methods (2nd edition). American Society of Agronomy Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Li, J.; W. Zhao; J. Yin; H. Zhang; Y. Li and J. Wen (2012). The effects of drip irrigation system uniformity on soil water and nitrogen distributions. Trans. of the ASABE, 55(2): 415 - 427.
Lin, S. S. M.; J. N. Hubbel and C. S. Tsou Samson (1983). Drip irrigation and tomato yield under tropical conditions. HortScience 18(4): pp. 460 - 461.
Little, T. M. and F. J. Hills (1975). Statistical methods in agricultural research. UCD Boostore, Davis, California.
Locascio, J. S. (2005). Management of irrigation for vegetables: past, present, future, Hort technology, 15(3): 482 - 485.
Mao, X.; M. Liu; X. Wang; C. Liu; Z. Hou and J. Shi. (2003). Effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water use of greenhouse growth cucumber in the North China Plain. Agric. Water Manage. 61: 219 - 228.
Merriam, J. L. and J. Keller (1978). Farm Irrigation System Evaluation: A Guide for Management 3rd ed. Logan, Utah: Agricultural and Irrigation Engineering Department, Utah State University, pp. 271.
Page, A. L. (1982). Methods of soil analysis, part II. Chemical and microbiological properties. Am. Soc. Agron., Inc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Pandey, R. K., J. W. Maranvilla and M. M. Chetima (2000). Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on maize in a Sahelian environment. Part II. Shoot-growth, nitrogen uptake and water extraction. Agric. Water Manage., 46: 15 - 27.
Ragab, R. and C. Prudhomme (2002). Climate change and water resources management in arid and semi-arid regions-prospective and challenges for the 21st century. Biosystms Eng., 81(1): 3 - 34.
Raj Kumar, S. and Kamia L. (1985). Movement of salt and water under trickle irrigation and its field evaluation. Egypt J. Soil Sci., 2: 127 - 132.
Richard, L. A. (1954). Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils, U.S.S.L. Staff Agric. Hand book No. 60.
Richard, M.; A. Jose; G. Mark and M. Keith (2002). Spring Squash Production in California. Vegetable Research and Information Center, Vegetable Reproduction Series, California, Publication 7245.
Saleh, M. M. and M. A. Ibrahim (2007).  Effect of different irrigation levels on production, quality, and storg eability of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) grown under polyethylene low tunnels in a newly reclaimed land. Egyptian J. Agric. Res., 32(4):1109 - 1124.
Tan, K. H. (2005). Soil Sampling, Preparation and Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group. London.
Wan, S.; Y. Kang; D. Wang and S. Liu (2010). Effect of saline water on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) yield and water use under drip irrigation in North China. Agric. Water Manage., (98), 105 - 113.
Wu, I. P. and J. Barragan (2000). Design criteria for microirrigation systems. Trans. ASAE 43 (5), 1145 - 2115.
Shaap, M. G.; F. J. Leij and M. T. van Genuchten (2001). ROSETTA: a computer program fir estimating soil hydraulic parameters with hierarchical pedotransfer function. J. Hydrol., 251: 163 - 173.