DETECTING THE SUITABLE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND CROPS BY APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

Darwisch, Waleed Mohammed Bassiuony

doi:10.21608/mjae.2017.97078

DETECTING THE SUITABLE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND CROPS BY APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Waleed Mohammed Bassiuony Darwisch

Assistant Prof. of Agric. Eng. Evaluation of Natural Resources Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, Sadat City University, Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2017.97078

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to detect the suitable irrigation systems and crops based upon soil properties in new farm as a reclaimed area at Wadi El-Natroun. Studied area which extends about 634 feddans were surveyed by digging 454 soil profiles representing current farms and dominant problems. The soil properties of the study area such as texture, depth, electrical conductivity, soil reaction (pH), calcium carbonate content, sodium adsorption Ratio (SAR), elevation, and slope. Once the soil properties were analyzed and evaluated, suitability maps were generated for the studied area using geographic information system. The soils of the studied area are nonsaline to moderately saline (EC values range from 1.0 to < 16 dS/m). Soil texture is mostly sandy to sandy loam {(clay percentage (4.5: 8.7%), silt percentage (4.3: 22.1%), and sand percentage (69.2: 91.2%)}. Soil pH values range from 2 to 8.0, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) range from 0.5% to < 16 % and slope range from 1% to 15%. The obtained results indicated that, 85.5% of the studied area were suitable for cultivation and 14.5% of the studied area were unsuitable for cultivation according to EC and (SAR), 28.12% of suitable area were optimal for surface irrigation system and 71.88% of suitable area were optimal for sprinkler and drip irrigation systems according to slope. 91.5% of the studied area were alkaline soil, 8.25% were neutral soil and 0.25% were acid soil according to ph. Additionally, Because the water used in irrigation is groundwater, so it's best to use the sprinkler and drip irrigation systems instead of surface irrigation system. Moreover, the main limiting factors in using different irrigation systems in this area were (soil texture, CaCo₃ and slope) and electrical conductivity (EC) for crops. In conclusion, the using GIS maps reliable to be a good indicator for detecting the suitable irrigation systems and crops for this area of study.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Agricultural Irrigation and Drainage Engineering

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