DESIGN OF A POP-UP SPRAY IRRIGATION SYSTEM FOR TURF LANDSCAPES USING AN EXPERT SYSTEM

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Cand in Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Ain shams U. Qalyubia, Egypt.

2 Prof. of Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Ain shams U. Qalyubia, Egypt.

3 Assist. Prof. of Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Ain shams U. Qalyubia, Egypt.

Abstract

Designing an irrigation landscape turf network using pop-up sprays and expert system programs involves integrating hydraulic principles, nozzle selection, spacing strategies, and software tools to optimize water efficiency and coverage. This study evaluates the performance of a sprinkler irrigation system at Al Azbakeya historical garden using two layout patterns, square and triangular, under varying operating pressures (150, 170, and 200 kPa). Performance indicators such as Distribution Uniformity (DU) and Christiansen’s Uniformity (CU) were analyzed. Results showed significant improvements in DU and CU with increasing pressure, particularly for the square layout, which achieved 90% DU and 93.74% CU at 200 kPa classified as excellent. In contrast, the triangular pattern reached only 86.35% DU and 75.10% CU, maintaining an acceptable range. To support irrigation design and management, the DOSEX program was used and validated against CROPWAT estimates. DOSEX produced irrigation run-times and component configurations closely matching those of CROPWAT, confirming its reliability. Furthermore, monthly water requirement analysis revealed that site-specific data produced by DOSEX better aligns with local climatic variations than generic calculations. Water saving analysis demonstrated that both DOSEX and CROPWAT showed increasing savings with higher pressures; however, DOSEX consistently reported slightly higher savings due to its use of localized, real-time weather data and optimization capabilities. At 210 kPa, water savings reached 11.2% with DOSEX versus 10.11% with CROPWAT.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

ASABE, (2001). Test procedure for determining the uniformity of water distribution of center pivot and lateral move irrigation machines equipped with spray or sprinkler nozzles. ANSI/ ASABE Standard S436.1, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI.
Amer, K.H., Aboamera, M.A., Gomaa, A.H., & Deghedy, S.B. (2012). Sprinkler Irrigation System Design and Evaluation Based on Uniformity. 1​ Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 29(2), 763–788. 1
Awady, M. N.; E. G. Vis; R. Kumar and S. Mitra. (2003). Distribution uniformity from pop-up sprinklers and landscape water-saving. Misr J Ag. Eng. 20(4): 181-194.
‏Beder, O. M. (2010). Recent Irrigation scheduling techniques for improving water use in landscaping. In Fourteenth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC (Vol. 14, p. 2010).‏
Christiansen JE. (1942). Irrigation by Sprinkling. California Agriculture Experiment Station Bulletin, 1942, 670.
Fontanier, C., and Steinke, K. (2017). Competitiveness of three warm‐season turfgrasses during spring transition of overseeded turfs. International Turfgrass Society Research Journal, 13(1), 312-320.
Heermann, D. F., Wallender W. W. and Bos G. M., (1990). Irrigation efficiency and uniformity. (C. F. Hoffman, G. J., Howell, T. A., Solomon, K. H. (Eds.), Management of Farm Irrigation Systems. ASABE, St. Joseph, MI., Pa: 125-149.
I A. 2005. Irrigation Association, Landscape Irrigation Scheduling andWater Management. pg22.
Jones, J.B. (2018). Laboratory Guide for Conducting Soil Tests and Plant Analysis. CRC Press.
Walker, J. P., Willgoose, G. R., and Kalma, J. D. (2004). In situ measurement of soil moisture: a comparison of techniques. Journal of Hydrology, 293(1-4), 85-99.‏
Katerji, N., Mastrorilli, M., and Lahmar, F. (2011). FAO-56 methodology for the stress coefficient evaluation under saline environment conditions: Validation on potato and broad bean crops. Agricultural Water Management, 98(4), 588-596.‏
Mannini, P., Genovesi, R., and Petterio, T. (2013). IRRINET: Large Scale DSS Application for On-farm Irrigation Scheduling. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 19, 823–829. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROENV.2013.06.091.
OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook (2011-2020). OECD Publishing and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
Radwan, M.N.El Awady, M.M. Hegazy and S.A. Mohamed. (2010). Determining Plant Water Use and Landscape Coefficients of Selected Nursery and Landscape Plants. Misr J. Ag. Eng., 27 (2): 521- 529
Redding, K. (2024). Managed Aquifer Recharge: A Systematic Review of Feasibility Criteria and Knowledge Gaps for Infiltration Basins (Doctoral dissertation, UC Davis).‏
Shaw, D. A., and Pittenger, D. R. (2009). Landscape irrigation system evaluation and management. San Diego County, CA, UC Cooperative Extension, 1-49.‏
Sinha, BL. 2022. A study on performance evaluation of sprinkler irrigation system at farmers field in Chhattisgarh plain. The Pharma Innovation Journal; SP-11(1): 485-489
Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 24 July 2025

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics