EFFECT OF SURFACE IRRIGATION USING GATED PIPES SYSTEM ON NITROGEN DISTRIBUTION AND WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY IN SMALL HOLDINGS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assoc. Prof., Ag. and Biosyst. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Menoufia U., Shebin EL-Kom, Egypt.

2 Prof., Ag. and Biosyst. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Menoufia U., Shebin EL-Kom, Egypt.

3 Assist. Lec., Ag. and Biosyst. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Menoufia U., Shebin EL-Kom, Egypt.

Abstract

A field study on wheat using border irrigation was carried out on a clay loam soil with 1.2 g cm-3 average soil bulk density in Shebin El-Kom area, Egypt. The main aim of this work is to study the irrigation water flow rate (10.71 and 5.35 m3 h-1) and fertilizer application regime (in complete irrigation time and half irrigation wave) under two different soil slopes (0.05 and 0.10 %) of the wheat field to improve border irrigation method in small holdings using gated pipes irrigation system. Wheat seeds (Gemeza 11) were planted on November 13 and received five irrigations during the growing season. In comparison to the 0.05% border slope, application efficiency (Ea) was significantly improved by applying a 0.10% border slope at the second and third irrigations. Storage efficiency (Es) was properly achieved by applying all treatments at the second and third irrigation. The results showed that increasing border slope, decreasing inlet flow rate, and applying (N) when water advanced to the middle of the border increased grain yield, straw yield, TSS for grain, TSS for straw, and 1000-grain weight. Nitrogen application after offering half wave achieved high nitrogen (N) concentration in the wheat root zone. Applying border slopes of 0.10% relative to 0.05%, inflow rates of 5.35 m3 h-1 relative to 10.71 m3 h-1, and (N) when water advanced to the middle of the border as opposed to applying (N) from the beginning of irrigation, increased wheat yield by 20.10, 1.58 and 3.59%, respectively.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Abdul Rehman, Saleem, M. F.; Safdar, M. E.; Hussain, S. and Akhtar, N. (2011). Grain Quality, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Bioeconomics of Maize under Different Sowing Methods and NPK Levels. Chilean J. Agri. Res. 71, 586-593.
Alazba, A. A. (1999). Dimensionless Advance Curves for Infiltration Families. Agricultural Water Management, 41, 115-131.
Ali, O. A., and Mohammed, A. S. (2015). Performance Evaluation of Gated Pipes Technique for Improving Surface Irrigation Efficiency in Maize Hybrids. Retrieved 12 10, 2017, from http://file.scirp.org/html/10-3001106_56816.htm.
Amer, K. H. (2007). Surface Irrigation Evaluation Based on Analytical Interrelation among Water Infiltration, Advance and Recession. Proceeding of Irrigation Association, 9-11 December in San Diego, California, 433-445 pp.
Amer, K. H. (2009). The Possibility of Improving Surface Irrigation with Blocked End in Sparse Grape Trees. Misr J. Ag. Eng., 26, 836-862.
Amer, K. H. (2010). Corn Crop Response under Managing Different Irrigation and Salinity Levels. Agricultural Water Management 97, 1553–1563.
Amer, K. H.; A. A. Samak; E. H. Hegazi (2017). Managing furrow irrigation method in corn small holding. Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering (MJAE), 34 (1): 137 – 156.
Assefa, S.; Y. Kedir and T. Alamirew (2017). Effects of Slopes, Furrow Lengths and Inflow Rates on Irrigation Performances and Yield of Sugarcane Plantation at Metehara, Ethiopia. Irrigat Drainage Sys Eng 6: 179.
Awad, M. A. and Gomaa, M. R. (2004). Precision Leveling Effects on Strip and Furrow Irrigations for Maize. Misr J. Ag. Eng., 21, 86-102.
Bakry, A. B.; Abdelraouf, R. E.; Ahmed, M. A. and El Karamany, M. F. (2012). Effect of Drought Stress and Ascorbic Acid Foliar Application on Productivity and Irrigation Water Use Efficiency of Wheat under Newly Reclaimed Sandy Soil. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 8, 4552-4558.
Black, C. A. (1982). Method of Soil Analysis. Soc. Agron. Inc. Pub., Madison, Washington, U. S. A. No. 9 Part 2.
Blair, A. W. and Smerdon, E. T. (1988). Unimodal Surface Irrigation Efficiency. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng, 114, 156-168.
Boutros, Iris (2022). Reducing Risks: Wheat Supply in Egypt. Retrieved from http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2013/05/27/reducing-risks-wheat-supply-in-egypt/. (Download on 7 October 2022).
Brouwer, C.; Goffeau, A. and Heibloem, M. (1985). Irrigation Water Management: Training Manual No. 1 - Introduction to Irrigation. FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Chapter Two. ftp://ftp.fao.org/agl/aglw/fwm/Manual1
Cetin, O. and Akinci, C. (2015). Effects of Drought on Optimizing Nitrogen Use of Winter Wheat in A semi-Arid Region. Agriculture & Forestry 61, 287-293.
DL Bjorneberg, (2013). Irrigation Methods. USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kimberly, ID, USA. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.05195-2
El Awady, M. N.; Tayel, S. A.; El Mawla, H. A. A.; El Lithy, A. M. and Mahmoud, A. M. (2009). Evaluation of Discharge Regulation in Gated Pipe Irrigation along Line. Irrigation and Drainage. The 16th Annual Conference of the Misr Society of Ag. Eng., 1501-1512.
El-Khatib, S. I. (2010). Effect of A modified Surface Irrigation Using Gated Pipes System on Wheat Crop. Menoufia J. Agric. Res. Vol.35 No. 6: 2049-2061.
El-Sabbagh, A. A.; Abd El-Hafez, S. A.; El-Bably, A. Z.; Abou-Ahmed E. I. (2002). Wheat Productivity As Influenced by Soil Moisture Level and Foliar Spray with Some Organic Acids. Menoufia J. Agric. Res., 27, 425-438.
El-Sayed, G. H. (1998). Hydraulic Studies for Gated Pipes Distribution System. Egypt J. Agric. Res. 76, 387-403.
Estefan, G.; Sommer, R. and Ryan, J. (2013). Methods of Soil, Plant and Water Analysis: A manual for The West Asia and North Africa Region. International Center for Agricultural Research in The Dry Areas (ICARDA). Beirut, Lebanon. Third Edition. Page 22 and 83.
Fageria, N. K. and Baligar, V. C. (2005). Enhancing Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crop Plants. Advances Agronomy 88, 97-185.
Foroud, N.; George, E. St. and Entz, T. (1996). Determination of Infiltration Rate from Border Irrigation Advance and Recession Trajectories. Agricultural Water Management 30, 133-142.
Gallais, A. and Hirel, B. (2004). An Approach to the Genetics of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Maize. Journal of Experimental Botany 55, 295-306.
Gazette, S. (2013). Egypt Remains World’s Largest Wheat Importer. Retrieved from http://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/economy/2013/07/07/Egypt remains-world-s-largest-wheat-importer.html (Download in 13 October 2013).
Gomaa, A.H; A.A. Samak; S. l. ELKhatib; and H. M. Sharaf (2019). Evaluation of partial root zone drying irrigation under gated pipes system for corn crop. Misr J. Ag. Eng., 36 (4): 1103 – 1116. https://doi.org/10.21608/mjae.2019.94880
Hammad, S. A. R. and Ali, O. A. M. (2014). Physiological and Biochemical Studies on Drought Tolerance of Wheat Plants by Application of Amino Acids and Yeast Extract. Annals of Agricultural Science 59, 133–145.
Hastings Co., (1986). Gated Aluminum Irrigation Pipe. Hastings Co. Catalouge, Neberaska . U.S.A. http://hastingsirrigation.com/node/7
Hoffman, G. J.; Evans, R. G.; Jensen, M. E.; Martin, D. L. and Elliott, R. L. (2007). Design and Operation of Farm Irrigation Systems. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. Second Edition. Page 445.
Holzapfel, E. A.; Marino, M. A. and Morales, J. C. (1984). Comparison and Selection of Furrow Irrigation Models. Agricultural Water Management, 9, 105-125.
Jat, M. L.; Chandna, P.; Gupta, R.; Sharma, S. K. and Gill, M. A. (2006). Laser Land Leveling: A Precursor Technology for Resource Conservation. Rice-Wheat Consortium Technical Bulletin Series 7. New Delhi, India: Rice-Wheat Consortium for the Indo-Gangetic Plains. pp 48.
Karrou, M.; Oweis, Th.; Abou El-Enein, R. and Sherif, M. (2012). Yield and Water Productivity of Maize and Wheat Under Deficit and Raised Bed Irrigation Practices in Egypt. African Journal of Agricultural Research 7, 1755-1760.
Koech, R.; Smith, R. and Gillies, M. (2010). Automation and Control in Surface Irrigation Systems: Current Status and Expected Future Trends. Southern Region Engineering Conference 11-12 November, Toowoomba, Australia.
Mahmood, N. and Ahmad, R. N. (2005). Determination of Water Requirements and Response of Wheat to Irrigation at Different Soil Moisture Depletion Levels. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 7, 812–815. http://www.ijab.org
Mainard, S. D. and Jeuffroy, M. H. (2001). Partitioning of Dry Matter and N to The Spike Throughout The Spike Growth Period in Wheat Crops Subjected to N Deficiency. Field Crops Res. 70, 153-165.
Maria, A. M.; Gendy, A. A.; Selim, A. H. and Abd El-All, A. M. (2008). Response of Wheat Plants Grown under Water Stress in Relation to Jasmonic Acid. Menoufia J. Agric. Res. 33, 1355–1375.
McClymont, D. (2007). Development of a Decision Support System for Furrow and Border Irrigation. Ph. D. Thesis, University Of Southern Queensland. Australia. Page 1, 12 and 13 https://eprints.usq.edu.au/4083/2/McClymont_2007_whole.pdf
Merriam, J. L. and Keller, J. (1978). Farm Irrigation System Evaluation: A Guide for Management. Third Edition Utah State University Logan.
Mohammed, A. S. H. (2008). Engineering Studies on Developing the Gated Pipes for Surface Irrigation in Small Holdings. Ph.D. Thesis, Agric. Eng. Dept. Fac. of Agric., Menoufia Univ.
Moussa, A. M. and Abdel-Maksoud, H. H. (2004). Effect of Soil Moisture Regime on Yield and Its Components and Water Use Efficiency for Some Wheat Cultivars. Annals Agric. Sci., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 49, 515-530.
Osborne, S. L.; Schepers, J. S.; Francis, D. D. and Schlemmer, M. R. (2002). Use of Spectral Radiance to Estimate In-Season Biomass and Grain Yield in Nitrogen and Water-Stressed Corn. Crop Science. 42, 165–171.
Rodriguez, J. A. (2003). Estimation of Advance and Infiltration Equations in Furrow Irrigation for Untested Discharges. Agricultural Water Management 60, 227–239.
Smith, R. J.; Watts, P. J. and Mulder, S. J. (1986). Analysis and Design of Gated Irrigation Pipelines. Agricultural Water Management, 12, 99-115.
USDA, NRCS (2012). National Engineering Handbook Part 623 Irrigation chapter 4 Surface Irrigation (623–VI–NEH, September (2012). USDA online at www.ascr.usda.gov.
Valiantzas, J. D.; Aggelides, S. and Sassalou, A. (2001). Furrow Infiltration Estimation from Time to A Single Advance Point. Agricultural Water Management 52, 17-32.
Vaziri, C. M. and Wu, I. P. (1972). Volume Balance Analysis to Determine Water Infiltration and Efficiency in Hawaiian Sugarcane Furrows. Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association 58, 283-292.
Walker, W. R. and Skogerboe, G. V. (1987). Surface Irrigation: Theory and Practice. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632, 386 pp.
Zhu, Z. L. and Chen, D. L. (2002). Nitrogen Fertilizer Use in China-Contributions to Food Production, Impacts on The Environment and Best Management Strategies. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 63, 117–127.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics