A PROPER MECHANICAL SYSTEM FOR SOWING WHEAT CROP IN SEMI-ARID SOIL

Abo-EL-Naga, M.H.; Abdel-Galil, M. M.; EL-Ashrey, A. S.

doi:10.21608/mjae.2009.109485

A PROPER MECHANICAL SYSTEM FOR SOWING WHEAT CROP IN SEMI-ARID SOIL

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Senior Researcher in Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Centre, Egypt.

² Researcher in Agric. Eng. Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Centre, Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2009.109485

Abstract

Different mechanized systems were investigated to select the proper machinery system for sowing and grain covering operations of wheat crop in semi-arid soil. The mechanized sowing systems included using the bandwidth distributor (B), and fertilizer spreader (F) machinery techniques. While, the grain covering operations were performed using rotary tiller(R), and chisel plow (P) each followed by lever(L) machinery techniques
Measurements of the revealed properties in top soil layer, grown plants characteristic crop yield, the system energy consumptions, , and system cost, were taking into consideration to compare between the tested field treatments.
The gained results showed that:-
- Applying the bandwidth distributor (B) to perform wheat sowing, and using the rotary tiller followed by a lever to perform grain covering operation revealed lower soil compaction (17.61%) and better soil profile leveling25.26 % lead to increase number of plants(347.60 /m² and improve grain germination percent (85.95(%) and provided the heights crop grain yield (2.834 ton /fed).
-Generally the results indicated that, sowing with fertilizer spreader, and grain covering with . chisel plow followed by lever gave the highest energy value (19.5 kW.h/fed) While lowest consumed energy (8.1 kW.h/fed )with hand broadcast and lever, was performing using rotary tiller followed by lever machinery techniques demolishes the differences in the energy consumed by the sowing system.
- Performed grain covering using rotary tiller(R), or chisel plow(P) each followed by lever machinery techniques have high effect on the system cost. But it should be denoted that operation at high speed, and large width will decrease cost per fed, and demolish the cost differences between investigated covering systems.

Main Subjects

Agricultural Power and Machinery Engineering

References

Abdel-Maksoud, S. E.; M. K. Abdel-Wahab, and F. Z. Ahmed (1994). Effect of farm operation and machine weight on some physical properties. Misr J. of Agr. Eng. Vol. 11(2): 197-209.

Abdel-Wahab, M. K. (1994). Minimum tillage by a simple combination. Misr J. of Agr. Eng. Vol. 11 (3): 711-723.

Abdou, F. M. E. (1996). Effect of some grainbed preparation systems and mechanical planting on wheat production. Misr J. of Agr. Eng. 13(1): 44-58.

Abo El-khier, M.M. and E. A.M. Abdel Ghafar (1985). Performance evaluation of locally made combined tillage machine. Misr J. of Agr. Eng. Vol. 2(4):3-17.

Abo El-Naga, M.H. (2006). Development of a distribution unit for sowing small grains by air system. J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Unvi., 31(7): 143-158, 2006.

Black, C.A. (1965). Methods of soil analysis. Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Properties, Argon. No. (9) A.S.A., Inc., Madison, Wisc., U.S.A.

Coates, W. (1992). Performance evaluation of a pendulum spreader. Trans. ASAE, 8 (3): 285 – 288.

El-Sayed, G.H. (1983). Mechanized techniques for suitable grain-bed preparation and planting of maize. M. Sc. Thesis, Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Agric., ZagazigUniv.

El-Saharigi, A.F; G.H. El-Sayed; S.E. Badr and I. Yehia (2001). Effect of some planting and land leveling systems on barely-crop productivity. 9th Conference of Misr Society of Agric. Eng., 9-11 September 2001: 133 - 146.

Essam, H.E. (1997). Influence of precision system and planting method on barley yield. Conference of Misr Society of agric. Eng. 9^th sept. 1997. Misr J. of Agr. Eng. Vol. 4(4):221-223.

Gaheen, S.A.; M.M. Metwalli and S.M. Sharaf (1978). Effect of plowing speeds on some soil physical and mechanical properties. J. Agric. Res. Tanta Univ. 4 (2).

Helmy, M.; S.M. Gomaa; H.M. Sorour and H.A. El-khateeb (2001). Effect of some different grainbed preparation systems on irrigation water consumption and corn yield. Misr J. of Agr. Eng. Vol. 18(1): 169 - 181.

Heege, H.J. (1986). An forderungen an die Saatgutablage.VDI/MEG-Tagung Giessen,Heft 3 (Bodenbearbeitung und Saat), VDI/fuchgruppe Landtechnik, DÜSSe.ldorf 1,Germany: 55-76.

Hunt, D. (1983). Farm power and machinery management 8 th Ed., Iowa state Univ., Ames, U. S. A.

Kienzle, J. (2006). Farm power and mechanization for small farms in sub-Saharan Africa. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations Rome.

Kishta, A.M. and A.A. Eliwa (2005). Developed and performance evaluation of a local grain and fertilizer spreader. 13 th Annual Conference of the Misr Society of Agric. Eng., 14-15 December 2005.

Moussa, A.I.M. (1987). Study the usability of different combine machines in wheat and rice fields. M. Sc. Thesis, Agric. Eng. Dept., Fac. Of Agric., Zagazig. Univ.

Morad, M.M; W.M. Mechail and A.A. Sayedahmad (2002). Development of a simulation model of the spinning disc performance in the broadcaster fertilizer spreader. Misr J. of Agr. Eng. Vol. 19(4):945- 957.

Maksoud, S.E. (1975). The effect of deep tillage on weed control in field in relation to soil physical properties. Zagazig, J. of Ag. Res. 2:391- 403.