EFFECT OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION UNIFORMITY ON WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY, WATER LOSSES AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

Kassem, M. A.

doi:10.21608/mjae.2009.108521

EFFECT OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION UNIFORMITY ON WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY, WATER LOSSES AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

Document Type : Original Article

Author

M. A. Kassem

* Assoc. Prof., of Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. Ag.., Cairo Univ., Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2009.108521

Abstract

The current study was carried out at Agricultural and Veterinary Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia during 2007/08 wheat growing season. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of sprinkler irrigation uniformity on sprinkler irrigation uniformity coefficient on water losses by deep percolation, wheat crop yield and height, water use efficiency, uniformity coefficient of crop yield and height through field experiments. The other purpose is to obtain the response of wheat crop height yield to seasonal applied water. Treatments consisted of five sprinkler irrigation uniformity: "CUc1" (>90- <95%), "CUc2" (>80- <85%),"CUc3" (>70- <75%), "CUc4" (>60- <65%) and "CUc5" (>50- <55%). The results indicated that sprinkler irrigation uniformity coefficient affected all parameters of this study. By increasing sprinkler irrigation uniformity wheat crop yield, plant height, adequacy of irrigation and water use efficiency were increased while water losses by deep percolation and irrigation insufficient were decreased. High irrigation uniformity enhanced wheat growth, water use efficiency and worse water losses by deep percolation. Uniformity coefficient values for crop height, grain yield and water use efficiency of wheat were higher than the values of sprinkler irrigation Uniformity coefficient.

Main Subjects

Agricultural Irrigation and Drainage Engineering

References

Ayars, J. E., R. B. Hutmacher, G. J. Hoffman, J. Letey, J. Ben-Asher, and K. H. Solomon. 1990. Response of sugar beet to non-uniform irrigation. Irrigation Science 11: 101-109.

Ayars, J. E., R. B. Hutmacher, S. S. Vail, R. A. Schoneman. 1991. Cotton response to nonuniform and varying depths of irrigation. Agricultural Water Management 19:151-166.

Burt, C. M., A. J. CLemmens, T. S. Strelkoff, K. H. Solomon, R. D. Bliesner, L. A. Hardy, T. A. Howell and D. E. Eisenhauer. 1997. Irrigation performance measures: Efficiency and uniformity. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 123 (6) 423-442.

Clemmens A. J. and K. H. Solomon. 1997. Estimation of global irrigation distribution uniformity. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 123 (6) 454-461.

Christiansen, J. E. 1941. The uniformity of application of water by sprinkler systems. Agricultural Engineering 22: 89-92.

Dechmi,F., E. Playan, J., Cavero, J.M. and A. Martinez-Cob. 2003. Wind effects on solid set sprinkler irrigation depth and yield of maize (Zea mays), Irrig. Sci. 19 ,pp. 165–173.

Dukes, M. D. 2006. Effect of wind speed and pressure on linear move irrigation system

uniformity. Appl. Engrng. Agric. 22(4):541-548.

Keller, J. and R. D. Bliesner. 2000. Sprinkler and Trickle Irrigation. The Blackburn Press, Caldwell, NJ. 652 p.

Karmeli, D. and J. Keller. 1974. Trickle Irrigation Design. Rain Bird Sprinkler Manufacturing Corporation, Glendora, USA.

Li, J. and M. Rao. 2000. Sprinkler water distributions as affected by winter wheat canopy. Irrigation Science 20: 29-35.

Li, J. 1998. Modeling crop yield as affected by uniformity of sprinkler irrigation system. Agricultural Water Management 38: 135-146.

Mateos, L., E.C. Mantovani, and F. J. Villalobos. 1997. Cotton response to non-uniformity of conventional sprinkler irrigation. Irrig. Sci. 17:47-52.

MSTAT. 1990. A Microcomputer program for the Design. Management, and Analysis of Agronomic Research Experiments. Michigan State Univ.

Mustafa, M. A., K. A Akabawi and M. F. Zoghet. 1989. Estimation of reference crop evapotranspiration for the life zones of Saudi Arabia. J. Arid Environ., 17: 293-300.

SAS. 2001. SAS User's Guide: Statistics. Ver. 8.02. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, N.C. Seginer, I. 1979. Irrigation uniformity related to horizontal extent of root zone. Irrig. Sci. 1:89-96.

Sezen S.M. and A. Yazar.2006. Wheat yield response to line-source sprinkler irrigation in the arid Southeast Anatolia region of Turkey, Agric. Water Manag. 81 (2006), pp. 59–76

Pang, X.P., Letey, J., Wu, L. 1997. Irrigation quantity and uniformity and nitrogen application effects on crop yield and nitrogen leaching. Soil Science Society American Journal. 61,257-261.

PEREIRA. L.S.1999. Higher performance through combined improvements in irrigation methods and scheduling: a discussion. Agric. Water Manage. 40 (2) 153-169.