ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT OF SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

EL-Berry, Azmy M.; EL-Ebaby, Fathy G.; Helalia, Sarah A.

doi:10.21608/mjae.2010.104808

ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT OF SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ 1Prof., Ag. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Egypt.

² Asst. Prof.,Ag. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Egypt.

³ Demonstrator, Ag. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2010.104808

Abstract

Recently maintenance operation is considered one of the main axes of engineering management of pressurized irrigation systems. There for the aim of this research work was to select the most suitable maintenance programs to improve drip irrigation systems laterals performance, and decrease the damages caused by emitter clogging as a result of bad maintenance applications. The physical maintenance programs included lateral end flushing with two different operation times"5, 10 minutes at the end of each irrigation", at four interval times "weekly, Bi-weekly, monthly, and at the end of each season". The flushing 5minutes was applied once continuous, and the other intermitted.
The systems performance was evaluated through three parameters: discharge, clogging, and pressure through seven evaluation criteria mentioned in the research.
The results showed that bi-weekly flushing for 5 min. continuously (MS₁P₁2) proved to be the best flushing with fresh water program which decreases clogged emitters 44.21 % to be closer to the standard (control) with 4.85 %. Also partially clogged emitters decreased by 46.7 %, Emission uniformity(EU%) increased 19.4 %, and distribution uniformity(DU%) 13.9 % more than the control treatment. (MS₁P₁2) was followed by the weekly flushing for 10 min. continuously. (MS₃P₁1) as it raised (DU%) with 12.3 % and gave the highest value of pressure uniformity (UP%) that reaches 93.14%.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Agricultural Irrigation and Drainage Engineering

References

A. A. S. Y. B. 2005. Arab Agricultural statistics year book. Vol.(25): 96,212-213. Arab organization for Agricultural development.

ASAE standards. 1996. Field evaluation of micro-irrigation systems. Pages 792-797.

Barbagallo, S. and G. Buttafuoco. 1998. Tests of drip emitters for municipal wastewater.Rivista di Ingegneia Agraria. Italian, 29(4):139-201.Italy.

Burt, C. M., Clemmens, A. J., Strelkoff, T. S., Solomon, K. H., Bliesner, R. D. Hardy, L. A., Howell, T. A. and D. R. Eisenhauer. 1997. Irrigation performance measures: Efficiency and uniformity.Journal of Irrigation Drainage Engineering. Vol. 123(6): 423- 442.Cited by Capra and Scicolone, 2006.

Dehghanisanij, H.; T. Yamamoto, B. A. Ahmad, H. Fujiyama and K. Miyamoto. 2005.The effect of chlorine on emitter clogging induced by algae and protozoa and the performance of drip irrigation. Trans. ASAE. 48 (2) 519-527.

Duran-Ros M., Puig-Bargués J., Arbat G., Barragán J., Ramírez de Cartagena F., 2009.Effect of filter, emitter and location on clogging when using effluents. Agricultural water management 96:67-79, Elsevir.

Halevy I., M. Boaz, Y. Zohar, M. Shani , and H. Dan,1973. Trickle irrigation, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), European commission on agriculture working party on water resources and irrigation Bucharest, Romania, ROME.

Hezarjaribi A., Dehghani A., Meftah M., and Kiani A. et al., 2008. Hydraulic Performances of Various Trickle Irrigation Emitters. Scince Alert.http://scialert.net/fllext/?doi=ja.2008.265.271&org=11.1-9pp.

Hills D.J., and M. J. Brenes, 2001.Microirrigation of wastewater effluent using drip tape. Appl. Eng. Agric. 17(3), 303-308.

Hills, D.J.; M. A. Tajrishy and G. Tchobanoglous.2000.The influence of filtration on ultraviolet disinfection of secondary effluent for micro- irrigation, Trans, ASAE 34 (6) 1499-1505.

Keller, J. D. and R. S. Blienser.1990.Sprinkler and trickle irrigation, van N. and Reinhold: 441-445,652pp.

Lamm F. R. and Camp R. C. (2007). Subsurface drip irrigation .In:Lamm, F.R., Ayars,J.E., Nakayama, F.S. (Eds.), Microirrigation for crop production. Design, Operation, and Management. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 473-551.

Nakayama F. S. and B. J. Boman. 2007. Maintenance.In:Lamm. F.R., Ayars, J.E., Nakayama, F.S. (Eds.).Microirrigation for crop production.Design, Operation, and Management.Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 389-430.

Phocaides, A. (2001). Hand book on Pressurized Irrigation Techniques. FAO consultation, Rome.

Puig-Barguѐs, J.; G. Arbat, M. Elbana, M. duran-Ros, J. Barragán, F. Ramírez de caragena, and F. R. Lamm. 2010.Effect of flushing frequency on emitter clogging in microirrigation with effluents.Agricultural water management.97:883-891.ELSEVIER.

homepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/agwat.

Ravina, I.; E. Paz, Z. Sofer, A. Marcu, A. Schischa and G. Sagi .1992. Control of emitter clogging in drip irrigation with reclaimed wastewater. Irrigation Science.13(3):129-139.

Ravina, I.; E. Paz, Z. Sofer, A. Marcu, A. Schischa, G. Sagi, Z. Yechily, and Lev, Y.1997. Control of clogging in drip irrigation with stored treated municipal sewage effluent. Agricultural water management.33 (2-3):127-137.

Revol, P.; E. Belluau; P. Kosuth and F. Ledore.1995. Orchard irrigation.drip irrigation in question. Arboriculture fruitiere, (481):22-25.

S. I. A. S. 2006.Study of the indicators Agricultural statistics. June,. Vol. (2):58. Arab republic of Egypt, Ministry of Agriculture and land reclamation economic affairs sector, central administration for agricultural economics.

Sultan,W., 2001. Management of chemigation under new land condition. Thesis of PHD In Agric. Engineering, Agric Engin. Dept., Fac. of Agric. ,Al Azhar University.

Tajrishy, M. A., D. J. Hills, and G. Tchobanoglous.1994. Pretreatment of secondary effluent for drip irrigation. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 120(4), 716-731.

Vieira, G. H. S., E. C. Mantovani, J. G. da-Silva, M. M. Ramos, and C. M. Silva.2004. Recovery of drippers clogged by use of water hight in iron content.Revista-Brasileira-de-Engenharia-Agricola-e-Ambiental.2004;8(1):1-6.EM: ghaddad@comnt.com.br

Wu, I.P., and H.M. Giltin, 1983. Drip irrigation application efficiency and schedules. Trans. of ASAE, 26(1):92-99.

Wu, F., Y. Fan, H. Li, Z. Guo and W. Li. 2004. Clogging of emitter in subsurface drip irrigation system. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing, China.20:1.80-83.7ref.