PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF CENTER PIVOT IRRIGATION SYSTEM UNDER ARID AREA SCONDITION

Abd El-Wahed, M.H.; Swelam, Atef

doi:10.21608/mjae.2012.101370

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF CENTER PIVOT IRRIGATION SYSTEM UNDER ARID AREA SCONDITION

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

M.H. Abd El-Wahed ¹
Atef Swelam ²

¹ Water and Soil Dept. (Agric. Eng.), Fac. of Agric., Fayoum Univ. Egypt.

² ICARDA, Egypt.

10.21608/mjae.2012.101370

Abstract

This study was planned to evaluate the effects of operating pressure (P), spacing between sprinklers (S) and height of sprinkler above the ground surface (H) on the uniformity parameters[(coefficient of uniformity (CU),distribution uniformity (DU_lq) and coefficient of variation (CV)] under center pivot system.The quantitative variables were (P₂₀, ₄₀ and ₆₀), (S₂₀₀, ₂₅₀ and ₃₀₀) and (H₁₅₀, ₁₇₅ and ₂₀₀).
The obtained values ofCU and DU were higher under the highest P, closer Sand higher H. In contrast, CV was lower under the highest P, closer S and higher H.Both CU and DU_lqwere increased with increasing the P and S, P andHand decreasing S with an increase H. While the CVdecreased with increasing theP and S, P andH.Also, decreasing Sandincrease H.
The highest CU values were recorded when thecenter pivot was operatedunder (P₆₀,S₂₀₀ andH₂₀₀)and(P₄₀,S₂₀₀ and H₂₀₀) without significant differences between them. Also, the highest DU and the lowest CV were recorded when the center pivot wasoperated under (P₄₀, S₂₀₀ andH₂₀₀). So, it is recommended to operate the center pivot at (P₄₀, S₂₀₀ and H₂₀₀) to save the pumping costs in studied area and similar conditions.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Agricultural Irrigation and Drainage Engineering

References

Alazba, A.A.;Alghobari, H.M. and Alotay, A.A. (2004).Assessment of Surface and Subsurface Water Uniformities for Center Pivot. J. King Saud Univ., Agric. Sci., 16:127-136.

Allen, R. G.; Keller, J. and Martin, D. (2000).Center Pivot System Design.The Irrigation Association. www.irrigation.org.

ASAE.(2001). Test procedure for determining the uniformity of water distribution of center pivot and lateral move irrigation machines equipped with spray or sprinkler nozzles. ANSI/ASAE Standard S436.1, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI.

Brennan, D. (2008). Factors affecting the economic benefits of sprinkler uniformity and their implications for irrigation water use. Irrig. Sci., 26:109–119

Burt, C. M.;Clemmens, A. J.;Strelkoff, T. S.; Solomon, K. H.;Bliesner, R. D.; Hardy, L. A.; Howell, T. A. and Eisenhauer, D. E. (1997). Irrigation performance measures: Efficiency and uniformity. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 123: 423-442.

Clark, G. A.;Srinivas, K.; Rogers, D. H.; Stratton R. and Martin, V. L. (2003). Measured and simulated uniformity of low drift nozzle sprinkler. Trans. ASAE 46: 321–330.

Dechmi, F.;Playa´n, E.;Faci, J. and Tejero, M. (2003).Analysis of an irrigation district in northeastern Spain. I: Characterisation and water use assessment. Agric. Water Manage. 61: 75–92.

Dukes, M.D. (2006).Effect of wind speed and pressure on linear move irrigation system uniformity. Appl. Eng. Agric. 22:541-548.

Faci, J. M.; Salvador, R.; Playa´ n, E., and Sourell, H. (2001). Comparison of fixed and rotating spray plate sprinklers. J. Irr. Drain. Eng. 4: 224–236.

Gomez, K.A. and Gomez A.A. (1984). Statistical Procedures For Agriculture Research. A Wiley – Inter Science Publication, John Wiley sons, lnc. New York, USA.

Hanson, B. R. and Orloff, S. B. (1996).Rotator nozzles more uniform than spray nozzles on the center-pivot sprinklers.California Agriculture. 50: 32-35.

Heermann, D.F. and Hein, P.R. (1968). Performance characteristics of self-propped center pivot sprinkler irrigation system. Trans. ASAE 11:11-15.

Heermann, D.F.; Duke, H.R.; Serafirm, A.M. and Dawson, L.J. (1992). Distribution functions to represent center-pivot water distribution. Trans. ASAE 35:1465-1472.

Hills, D. and Barragan, J. (1998). Application uniformity for fixed and rotating spray plate sprinklers. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 14: 33–36.

Keller, J. (1983). SCS national engineering handbook section 15.US government office, Washington, DC.

Keller, J., and Bliesner, R. D. (1990).Sprinkle and Trickle Irrigation. New York, USA: Van Nostrand 460 Reinhold. 652 pp.

Kincaid, D. C. (2005). Application rates from center pivot irrigation with current sprinkler types. Appl. Engi. Agric. 4: 605−610

Mateos, L.;Mantovani, E. C. and Villalobos, F. J. (1997).Cotton response to non-uniformity of conventional sprinkler irrigation.Irrig Sci. 17: 47–52.

Merriam, J. L., and Keller, J. (1978). Farm irrigation system evaluation: A guide for management, Dept. of Agricultural and Irrigation Engineering, Utah State Univ., Logan, Utah.

Moazed, H.;Bavi, A.;Boroomand-Nasab, S.; Naseri, A. and Albaji, M. (2010).Effect of climatic and hydraulic parameters on water uniformity coefficient in solid set systems. J. Applied Sci., 10: 1792- 1796.

Ortı´z, J. N.; de Juan, J. A. and Tarjuelo, J. M. (2010). Analysis of water application uniformity from a center pivot irrigator and its effect on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) yield. BiosystemsEngineering, 105 :367–379.

Rana, M. A.;Arshad, M. and Masud, J. (2006).Effect of basin, furrow and raingun sprinkler irrigation systems on irrigation efficiencies, nitrate-nitrogen leaching and yield of Sunflower. Pakistan J. Water Res., 10:1-7.

Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).(2008). Statistical Software.P.17.

Tarjuelo, J. M.; Montero, J.;Honrubia, F. T.; Ortiz, J. J. and Ortega, J. F. (1999).Analysis of uniformity of sprinkler irrigation in a semi-arid area.Agric. Water Manag.40 : 315-331.

Warrick, A. W. (1983). Interrelationships of irrigation uniformity terms.J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 109: 317-332.